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This data set gives locations and top soil heavy metal concentrations (ppm), along with a number of soil and landscape variables, collected in a flood plain of the river Meuse, near the village Stein. Heavy metal concentrations are bulk sampled from an area of approximately 15 m x 15 m.

Usage

data(meuse.all)

Format

This data frame contains the following columns:

sample

sample number

x

a numeric vector; x-coordinate (m) in RDM (Dutch topographical map coordinates)

y

a numeric vector; y-coordinate (m) in RDM (Dutch topographical map coordinates)

cadmium

topsoil cadmium concentration, ppm.; note that zero cadmium values in the original data set have been shifted to 0.2 (half the lowest non-zero value)

copper

topsoil copper concentration, ppm.

lead

topsoil lead concentration, ppm.

zinc

topsoil zinc concentration, ppm.

elev

relative elevation

om

organic matter, as percentage

ffreq

flooding frequency class

soil

soil type

lime

lime class

landuse

landuse class

dist.m

distance to river Meuse (metres), as obtained during the field survey

in.pit

logical; indicates whether this is a sample taken in a pit

in.meuse155

logical; indicates whether the sample is part of the meuse (i.e., filtered) data set; in addition to the samples in a pit, an sample (139) with outlying zinc content was removed

in.BMcD

logical; indicates whether the sample is used as part of the subset of 98 points in the various interpolation examples of Burrough and McDonnell

Author

The actual field data were collected by Ruud van Rijn and Mathieu Rikken; data compiled for R by Edzer Pebesma

References

P.A. Burrough, R.A. McDonnell, 1998. Principles of Geographical Information Systems. Oxford University Press.

http://www.gstat.org/

Note

sample refers to original sample number. Eight samples were left out because they were not indicative for the metal content of the soil. They were taken in an old pit. One sample contains an outlying zinc value, which was also discarded for the meuse (155) data set.

See also

Examples

data(meuse.all)
summary(meuse.all)
#>      sample             x                y             cadmium      
#>  Min.   :  1.00   Min.   :178605   Min.   :329714   Min.   : 0.000  
#>  1st Qu.: 41.75   1st Qu.:179358   1st Qu.:330771   1st Qu.: 0.800  
#>  Median : 82.50   Median :179945   Median :331558   Median : 1.900  
#>  Mean   : 82.50   Mean   :179989   Mean   :331614   Mean   : 3.109  
#>  3rd Qu.:123.25   3rd Qu.:180626   3rd Qu.:332410   3rd Qu.: 3.725  
#>  Max.   :164.00   Max.   :181390   Max.   :333611   Max.   :18.100  
#>                                                                     
#>      copper            lead             zinc             elev       
#>  Min.   : 14.00   Min.   : 27.00   Min.   : 107.0   Min.   : 0.000  
#>  1st Qu.: 23.00   1st Qu.: 68.75   1st Qu.: 191.8   1st Qu.: 7.390  
#>  Median : 29.50   Median :116.00   Median : 307.5   Median : 8.124  
#>  Mean   : 39.42   Mean   :148.55   Mean   : 464.6   Mean   : 7.775  
#>  3rd Qu.: 48.00   3rd Qu.:201.75   3rd Qu.: 662.5   3rd Qu.: 8.915  
#>  Max.   :128.00   Max.   :654.00   Max.   :1839.0   Max.   :10.520  
#>                                                                     
#>      dist.m             om             ffreq            soil      
#>  Min.   :  10.0   Min.   : 1.000   Min.   :1.000   Min.   :1.000  
#>  1st Qu.:  80.0   1st Qu.: 5.000   1st Qu.:1.000   1st Qu.:1.000  
#>  Median : 270.0   Median : 6.550   Median :1.000   Median :1.000  
#>  Mean   : 294.2   Mean   : 7.291   Mean   :1.604   Mean   :1.463  
#>  3rd Qu.: 450.0   3rd Qu.: 8.950   3rd Qu.:2.000   3rd Qu.:2.000  
#>  Max.   :1000.0   Max.   :17.000   Max.   :3.000   Max.   :3.000  
#>                   NA's   :2                                       
#>       lime           landuse     in.pit        in.meuse155      in.BMcD       
#>  Min.   :0.0000   W      :54   Mode :logical   Mode :logical   Mode :logical  
#>  1st Qu.:0.0000   Ah     :42   FALSE:156       FALSE:9         FALSE:66       
#>  Median :0.0000   Am     :22   TRUE :8         TRUE :155       TRUE :98       
#>  Mean   :0.2988   Fw     :10                                                  
#>  3rd Qu.:1.0000   Ab     : 8                                                  
#>  Max.   :1.0000   (Other):27                                                  
#>                   NA's   : 1